Emergency Stop Procedures: What to Do When Things Go Wrong

Trailer emergencies can happen without warning. Equipment fails, tires blow out, trailers sway, or hitches separate. Knowing the correct procedures can prevent accidents, injuries, and catastrophic damage.

Recognizing Emergencies

Severe trailer sway - Violent side-to-side oscillation potentially leading to jackknifing.

Tire blowouts - Sudden noise, vibration, and pulling to one side.

Hitch failure - Sudden lightness, scraping sounds, or trailer moving independently.

Brake failure - Spongy pedal, reduced stopping power, or complete loss of braking.

Fire - Smoke from vehicle, trailer, or wheels.

Mechanical failures - Broken axles, damaged wheels, or structural damage.

General Emergency Principles

Stay calm and focused. Signal immediately with hazard lights. Look for safe stopping locations like wide shoulders or pull-offs. Avoid sudden braking or steering, these make most emergencies worse.

Emergency Procedures

Severe Trailer Sway

Take your foot off the accelerator, do not brake hard. If your trailer has electric brakes, manually activate the brake controller while keeping vehicle brakes off.

Keep steering minimal and smooth. Once sway reduces, gradually apply vehicle brakes and find a safe place to stop.

Tire Blowout

Don't slam on brakes. Grip the steering wheel firmly and ease off the accelerator gradually. Once speed is reduced, apply brakes gently and pull completely off the road.

Turn on hazard lights and set up warning triangles. Change the tire only if safe, or call for assistance.

Hitch Failure

Do not attempt to stop the trailer by steering into it. Gradually slow your vehicle. Your breakaway brake system should automatically engage trailer brakes.

Pull to a safe location and activate hazard lights. If the trailer is in the roadway, call 911 immediately.

Brake Failure

Pump the brake pedal rapidly to restore pressure. Shift to lower gear for engine braking. Use manual trailer brake controller if available.

Look for uphill grades, escape ramps, or soft shoulders. Once stopped, don't drive further, repair brakes first.

Fire

Pull over immediately. Turn off engine and remove key. Don't open the hood if you suspect engine fire.

Get everyone at least 100 feet away, upwind of smoke. Call 911 immediately. Only fight very small fires with appropriate extinguisher.

If fire is near propane tanks, evacuate and warn others.

After the Emergency

Check for injuries first. Inspect vehicle and trailer for damage or unsafe conditions. Take photos for insurance.

Only continue if safe to operate. If unsure, call for a tow. Don't let schedule pressure convince you to drive an unsafe rig.

Prevention

Most emergencies are preventable:

• Maintain vehicle and trailer regularly

• Check tire pressure before every trip

• Verify hitch security before departing

• Test brakes before trips

• Load properly with correct tongue weight

• Carry emergency equipment: fire extinguisher, warning triangles, first aid kit, flashlight, tools

Be Prepared

Practice emergency procedures in safe environments. Plan routes with awareness of escape ramps and shoulders. Discuss procedures with passengers.

Knowing how to respond transforms panic into action. Stay calm, follow proper procedures, and prioritize safety over convenience.

Disclaimer: Always consult your vehicle and trailer manufacturer’s manuals for proper operation and safety procedures. This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute official legal or safety advice. In an emergency, always call 911 and follow local laws and guidelines.